EDUCATION

Education is a system of giving or receiving new skills which will help to resolve real problems in real life. Education has different resources. In those we have Family education, Institution education and community education.

Family education

Family education is one of the source of education that a child receives form his/her parents and brothers/sisters. The education starts from when a child is born and continue during his/her inter life. A child starts to learn different basic thing like differentiating kinds of milk to mom’s milk, colors, and animals.

Parents give education to their kinds on morals, believes, nutrition and health and histories.

It is important that parents should give the best education to their children since most of the knowledge, behaviour and love of a child depends on how their family educate them by parent’s actions.

Institutions education

The institution education is the source of education from schools. This kind is delivered by teachers, school authorities and colleagues. It’s sometimes based on skills in science, technology and social studies. We can call the institution education as the formal education while others are informal education.

Community education

Community education is the source of information that gives to a child the skills of knowing his/her community and the well living in society. This kind is delivered through radios, TVs, internet, dramas, sports, conferences and intercultural.

 

EDUCATION ON RWANDA CONTEXT

Rwanda education is a growing system which meets many challenges on basis of its context and history. Like other education systems, Rwanda education is based on 3 sources of education. Education from families, institutions and communities.

RWANDA EDUCATION STRUCTURE

 

 

THE METRIC SYSTEM LESSON PLAN

Sometimes we may have difficulties to converse units, but this time we can make a lesson plan for it using the Write Activity.

* The first step is to go on home of your laptop.

* The second step is to open the Write Activity.

* The third step is to start writting like the text below:

THE METRIC SYSTEM

Conversion of metric units of length

the conversion table for length

Km	hm	dam	m	dm	cm	mm
1	0	0
			1	0	0	0

1 Km = 10 hm      1 hm = 10 dam        1 m = 10 dm    1 Km =  1000 m

1 Km = 100 dam   1 hm = 100 m         1 m = 100 cm   1 m =100 cm

1 Km = 1000 m     1 Km = 1000 dm    1 m = 1000 mm

Example(1) Change 2 m = …dm = ….mm	Example(2) 5 Km = ….dam = ….m
SKILL        2 m = …..dm = ….. mm 2 m =  20 dm = 2000 mm	SKILL      5 Km = …..dam = ……m 5 Km = 500 dam = 5000 m

More conversion of units of length

Km	hm	dam	m	dm	cm	mm
		0	0	0	1
0	0	0	1

1 cm = 0,1 dm                                              1 m = 0,1 dam

1 cm = 0,01 m                                              1 m = 0,01 hm

1 cm = 0,001 dam                                        1 m = 0,001 Km

Example (1) Change 5 m = ….dam = ….Km	Example (2) Change 20 cm = ….m = ….hm
SKILL     5 m = ….dam = ….Km 5 m = 0,5 dam = 0,005 Km	SKILL   20 cm = ….m = ….hm 20 cm = 0,2 m = 0,002 hm

Adding metric units of length

Example(1) Add; 5 m + 74 dm = ……cm	Example(2) Add; 4,4 dam + 0,8 hm = …….m
SKILL                    5 m =  500 cm 74 dm = 740 cm 500 cm + 740 cm = 1240 cm	SKILL                 4,4 dam = 44 m 0,8 hm = 80 m 44 m + 80 m = 124 m

Knowledge * Change all units to the required metric unit of length before adding.

Subtracting metric units of length

Example(1) Subtract 0,86 Km – 9 dam = ….m	Example(2) Subtract 1,66 dm from 0,34 = ….mm
SKILL                0,86 Km = 860 m 9 dam = 90 m 860 m – 90 m = 770 m	SKILL      0,34 m = 340 mm 1,66 dm = 166 mm 340m – 166 mm = 174 mm

Knowledge * As in Adding, Change all units to the required metric unit before subtracting

Multiplication of metric units of length by a whole number

Example  A tailor uses 300 cm of  cloth to make a uniform.How many meters of cloth are needed to make 726 uniforms.

SKILL: Change first 300cm to m and multiply 726. Km hm dam m dm cm mm 1 0 0 3 0 0 300 cm = 3 meters 1 uniform = 3 meters 726 uniforms = 726 x 3 m = 2 178 meteres

Knowledge * Change given units to the required units before multiplying.

Dividing metric units by a  whole number

Example: Desire’s stride is 50 cm. How many strides will he make to cover 2 meters?

SKILL:  Finding how many 50 cm make 2 meters Km hm dam m dm cm mm 2 0 0 50 cm = 1 stride 200 cm = 200 : 50 = 4 strides

Knowledge * Change all units to the required metric unit before dividing

SUMMARY

* The arrangement of units of length is always in order as shown in the conversion table below :

Km	hm	dam	m	dm	cm	mm

* The basic unit of length is a meter.

* The smallest unit of length is milimeter.

* 1 kilometer is equal to 1 000 meters.

* 1 meter is equal to 1 000 milimeters

* 1 kilometer is equal to 1 000 000 milimeters

* To add ; subtract ; multiply or divide metric units, first change all given units to the required unit.

* 1 meter is equal to 100 centimeters

* 1 kilometer is equal to 1 000 m.

REVISION EXERCISE

(1)    3 km = …….. m = ….. mm

(2)    12 hm = ….. km = ….dam

(3)     96 m = ….. hm = ….cm

(4)     4 dam = …. m = ….. dm

(5)    The distance from home to school is 350 meters and from school to the market it is 7 hectometers. Find the total distance from home to the market in decameters

(6)    The distance from town A through town B to town C is 5 km. If town B is 38 hectometers from town A, find the distance in meters between town B and town C.

REFERENCE:

MATHEMATICS PUPIL’S BOOK

Primary five, Page 91 to 94

Chapter 2 : THE METRIC SYSTEM

Unit 1. LENGTH.

Written by Adrien NDIKUMANA

What can convince teachers in next training

After preparing lesson plan for teachers training of the august , i tried to talk to one of my friend who is a teacher a Primary school Kimihurura and he teaches in P5. I wanted to ask him on which lesson they are going to teach in the next term, he told me that it will be concern on Geometry lesson in maths, and i found that i did the lesson about the lesson that they already took, but i started thinking like what if we will all give lesson plans of lessons they took in preview terms! will this really convince teachers?

I think that this is a question that everyone can ask himself and try to get an answer for it, because if we will give lessons that they are not going to use, it will be useless and they’ll not be comfortable with what we’ll show them.

At my side, i am trying to change my subject but there is another way, if before we will train them, maybe at the first day, we can ask them what they plan to teach in the next lesson and make a lesson plans about it so that they will know the useful of the XO laptop and how it will make work easier for them instead of giving them what they will not use in their experiences in class.

Let me hope that this training will be the best one than ever.

Rwandan Teachers Training on basic skills on the XO laptop

At the second time, the Mineduc launched the laptops to schools around the country and one school where presented by one headmaster and one teacher during the training .

It was good that teachers were novative and creative even if they were some problems that interrupt their courage, like the main one was about the mouse that everyone was asking how they will manage the class during lessons if many of laptops have the mouse problems. But it was not to bad that at the end the finally got how to resolve those problems and that Sam introduced saying that this is not going to be easy at the beginning and that it will take many efforts of them to make all things works.

We should say that teachers met so many problems but with the sketch, they got solutions of their problems.

About the XO laptops that Mineduc gave them, i found that some of them have particular problems like when the mouse isn’t moving and you need to switch off the screen to solve the problem but some of those the screen can’t turn off and it requires to turn off the laptop and start again.

About the training, one teacher told me that they are lucky to be trained at the first time but they still have to know more about XO, like how he was trying to use Schratch and Etoys, he said that whenever he’ll reach at  his school other teachers will want to know all things he got from training and if they’ll find that he doesn’t know so much things ,they’ll start telling people that this Laptops are so complicated to children because even their teacher,it’s not easy to know more things about it.In other ways, they were waiting him as he will bring all things and laptops on his head.

One teacher proposed that the OLPC should send one of their trainer maybe in one district so that even other teachers at they time they get, they can contact him to get more solution of the problems they met in using the laptop or in the time they are waiting laptops to know more things about XO Laptops.

Memorizing may sometimes be difficult for children

Besides the previewer post about the lesson plan which has a subject of English, i have find that bsasing to my story when i was in P5, it was really hard for me to memorize some words related to others in what we call today Social Studies.
For example, they used to give us a long list of countries with their capitals or  rivers, lacs with countries they are located.

with this difficulty of memorizing, I used to rewrite for many times those lists so that i can get it easier.
After looking on Memorize Activity, i found that this is a good occasion for children to memorize things in the easiest way, because in Memorize Activity, they can create a game using those lists and they start playing it.

How to make it!

We just go on Memorize Activity,then we click on CREATE to make new game.
On the screen we find two small screens that each has a place to write a text, after in that place we write each word with its relative in the other side then we click under the text on Add As New Pair and we restart writing the new pair.
When we finish all pairs,we have to save the Game and to save is to name the Game then click on the open book with a flesh that goes in. To play your game,we click on the Load Game and click on the name of the Game.

Finally, if a child plays like 4 times, it will be easy to know each word with words it related. This will not be hard because a child will make fun with the game in the same time learning instead of rewrite and rewrite lists on sheets of papers to memorize them.

As we can see in the Memorize Activity, it’s not only this kind of thing it can do but even making a dictionary or operation in Math like addition and others.

Lesson Plan

date : 06/7/2010

Class: P4

Subject: English

Topic :  Presentation Skills (Introdution)

Sub-topic: Personal Information

Objectives:

1.Students should be able to communicate about themselves and others in English

2.Students to know their likes and dislikes

3.Students to know both spoken and written langauges in present and future tense

Methods:

a) Teaching / Learning Aids – Role playing of each student introducing themselves i.e Names, age, home location,birthday,favourite food and animals.

b)  Reference Materials – P4 Macmillan English textbook(pg 3) and XO Write and Record activies

c)  Presentation and Sharing Stage – Teacher to read sample XO student’s introductions in the present tense

d)  Lesson evaluation – Test the students on past and future tense on the same topic asking different questions about their classmates randomly basing on the introductions they made in both XOs and notebooks

e)  Self evaluation – Prepare a worksheet indicating those students who managed to do the task using both XOs and Textbooks basing on the total number of sudents in the class

Sample ”introduction” taken from P4 Macmillan English textbook page:-

My name is : Patricia Matsiko

Age: I am eight years old

Home :  Flat number is 5

Plot number is 4

Nyaruturama road

I live with:  My father, my mother, my brother and my sister

My birthday is : May 14th

My favourite food is : Fish

My favourite lesson is : English

My favourite animal is : The cat

My best friend’s name is : Vicky

Lesson plan proposed by  Mr Robert Memeti and Adrien

Ndikumana

Learning projects at Kagugu

We’re all happy of how children from Kagugu are motivated in creating projects about problems they meet in their community.

We tried to give them an opportunity to demonstrate all problems they have in their community then every one chose one problem that is the biggest one for him/her, after he can list the causes and consequences using Write Activity of that problem he/she chose.

Even if we have a good time there but it’s not too good that children can’t take laptops at their home.

As the Headmaster said,they don’t want to let them take laptops at their home because they are afraid that children will damage or loose them.

We can ask ourselves how children will make projects in 40 min of their class and if a child can’t practice or review what he learned, i can’t imagine if he’ll get it.And  this is too bad because it can create thoughts of using laptops only in class or laptop’s class and our goal won’t be attended.